在早期殖民地农业社会中，来自欧洲的移民在北美大陆开荒垦殖，兴办学校，建立了不同的教育模式。美国西部土地法与义务教育立法推进了美国农村公共教育体系的发展。19世纪后期开始，美国农村学校城市化改革运动使农村教育质量出现历史性飞跃。20世纪下半叶，美国农村教育以“教育机会均等”为核心价值取向，逐步走向多元均等的发展路径。In Rural Colonial American communities，the early migrant pioneers set up their homes and started their one-room schools at same time，different patterns of schooling were established gradually.Land Ordinance and then law of compulsory schooling pushed forward the establishment of public education system.In late 19th century the Urbanization of Rural Schools made a great leap-forward in quality of rural education.In the 2nd half of the 20th century the equality of educational opportunity became the dominant value in rural schools and rural education moved on the track of equality in diversity.